Weak prepulses inhibit but do not elicit startle in rats and humans

Biol Psychiatry. 2004 Jun 15;55(12):1195-8. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.02.030.

Abstract

Background: Inhibition of startle by weak prestimuli is called prepulse inhibition (PPI). It has recently been reported that 10- to 20-dB prepulses trigger eye-blink motor activity and PPI in normal human subjects. Motor activity after prepulses correlated negatively with PPI in four of nine possible conditions. We now report the relationship between prepulse-elicited startle (PPES) and PPI using weak prepulses.

Methods: We assessed PPI and PPES using 1- to 5-dB prepulses in humans and in rats after treatment with vehicle or apomorphine.

Results: Prepulses inhibited startle in an intensity-dependent fashion but elicited no startle activity in humans or rats. Apomorphine eliminated PPI in rats and produced a well-documented increase in stimulus-independent motor activity but did not stimulate PPES.

Conclusions: In humans and rats, PPES is not a necessary condition for either the elicitation or the disruption of PPI.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Acoustic Stimulation
  • Adult
  • Animals
  • Apomorphine / pharmacology
  • Dopamine Agonists / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Motor Activity / drug effects
  • Motor Activity / physiology
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Reflex, Startle / drug effects
  • Reflex, Startle / physiology*

Substances

  • Dopamine Agonists
  • Apomorphine