Objectives: To assess the prevalence and natural history of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in children using the Rome Criteria.
Methods: Thirteen primary care pediatricians were randomly selected from the Campania region of the Italian National Health Service. Each pediatrician completed a detailed FGID questionnaire on consecutive patients seen during a 3-month period. A total of 9660 patients aged birth to 12 years were enrolled prospectively during this 3-month period. Follow-up was performed at 1-, 3-, and 12-month intervals.
Results: A total of 194 children initially met strict criteria for at least 1 FGID. A total of 72 (37.1%) children had infant regurgitation, 26 (13.4%) had functional dyspepsia, 27 (13.9%) had irritable bowel syndrome, and 66 (34.1%) had functional constipation or other defecation disorders. All children who had a diagnosis of FGIDs were reevaluated at 1, 3, and 12 months to study the natural history of the illnesses. Additional evaluation revealed 5 children who had developed an organic diagnosis. Therefore, 5 (2.5%) of 194 children who had a diagnosis of FGIDs by the Rome criteria had a change in diagnosis to an organic disease during the study period, none of whom experienced permanent sequelae.
Conclusions: Of 194 children who received a prospective diagnosis of FGIDs using the Rome criteria, 97.5% continued to satisfy the diagnostic criteria or were improved at follow-up. The low prevalence of functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome in our population is most likely explained by the lack of adolescents in our sample.