Comparison of nevirapine (NVP) resistance in Ugandan women 7 days vs. 6-8 weeks after single-dose nvp prophylaxis: HIVNET 012

AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2004 Jun;20(6):595-9. doi: 10.1089/0889222041217518.

Abstract

We compared nevirapine (NVP) resistance (NVPR) mutations in maternal plasma 7 days vs. 6-8 weeks after single-dose NVP prophylaxis. In the HIVNET 012 trial, Ugandan women received a single dose of NVP in labor for prevention of HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission. NVPR mutations were detected in 70 (25%) of 279 women 6-8 weeks after NVP. Samples collected 7 days after NVP were analyzed from a subset of those 279 women. Genotyping was performed with the ViroSeq HIV-1 Genotyping System. NVPR was analyzed using paired samples from 7 days and 6-8 weeks after NVP. Sixty-five women had genotyping results obtained for samples collected at both 7 days and 6-8 weeks post-NVP. Twenty-one (32%) of those women had NVPR mutations detected in one or both samples. This included three women with NVPR at 7 days only, seven with NVPR at 6-8 weeks only, and 11 with NVPR at both time points. Eight women had >1 NVPR mutation detected 7 days after NVP. Y181C was the most common NVPR mutation detected at 7 days, whereas K103N was the most common NVPR mutation detected at 6-8 weeks. We conclude that NVPR may be detected in women as early as 7 days after single-dose NVP. Complex patterns of NVPR are detected in some women. The Y181C NVPR mutation often fades from detection by 6-8 weeks. In contrast, the K103N mutation emerges more slowly, but often remains detectable 6-8 weeks after NVP.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Substitution
  • Anti-HIV Agents / administration & dosage
  • Anti-HIV Agents / pharmacology
  • Anti-HIV Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Drug Resistance, Viral / genetics*
  • Female
  • Genotype
  • HIV Infections / drug therapy*
  • HIV Infections / prevention & control
  • HIV Infections / transmission
  • HIV Infections / virology*
  • HIV Protease / genetics
  • HIV Reverse Transcriptase / genetics
  • HIV-1 / drug effects
  • HIV-1 / genetics*
  • HIV-1 / isolation & purification
  • Humans
  • Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / prevention & control
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Mutation
  • Nevirapine / administration & dosage
  • Nevirapine / pharmacology
  • Nevirapine / therapeutic use*
  • Selection, Genetic
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA
  • Time Factors
  • Uganda
  • Viral Proteins / genetics

Substances

  • Anti-HIV Agents
  • Viral Proteins
  • Nevirapine
  • HIV Reverse Transcriptase
  • HIV Protease

Associated data

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