Identification of adjuvants that enhance the therapeutic antibody response to host IgE

Vaccine. 2004 Jul 29;22(21-22):2873-80. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2003.12.029.

Abstract

In the development of a novel vaccine against atopic allergies, we have screened for adjuvants that enhance the therapeutic antibody response against self immunoglobulin E (IgE). The response against self IgE is induced by administration of a vaccine antigen, which contains both self and non-self IgE regions, together with an adjuvant. We evaluated five commonly used adjuvants; Freund's, aluminium hydroxide, ISCOMs, Montanide ISA 51 and Montanide ISA 720, and found that the mineral oil-based adjuvants; Montanide ISA 51 and Freund's induced at least 5-10-fold higher anti-self IgE titers than any of the other candidates. However, with one exception, Alum, the immune responses against the carrier, i.e. the non-self regions, were similar for all adjuvants, indicating that the ability to induce responses against self and non-self antigens differ among adjuvants. The responses against non-self IgE were more than 50-fold higher than antibody responses against self IgE in both the Freund's and Montanide 51-administered animals, indicating that the response against self molecules is markedly inhibited by tolerance-inducing mechanisms. Co-administration of Montanide ISA 51 with immuno-stimulatory substances from bacteria; muramyldipeptide (MDP), monophosphoryl-lipid A (MPL) or a formyl-methionine-containing tripeptide (fMLP), did not elevate the anti-self IgE response. Hence, adjuvants based on pure mineral oil without additional immuno-stimulatory substances appear to be the best adjuvant candidates in therapeutic vaccines aimed at regulating the in vivo levels of self-proteins.

MeSH terms

  • Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine / pharmacology
  • Adjuvants, Immunologic / pharmacology*
  • Aluminum Hydroxide / pharmacology
  • Animals
  • Autoantibodies / analysis
  • Autoantibodies / biosynthesis
  • Autoantigens / immunology
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • Female
  • Hypersensitivity, Immediate / immunology
  • Immunization Schedule
  • Immunization, Secondary
  • Immunoglobulin E / analysis
  • Immunoglobulin E / biosynthesis*
  • Immunoglobulin E / immunology*
  • Lipid A / pharmacology
  • Mineral Oil / pharmacology
  • Opossums / immunology
  • Plant Oils / pharmacology
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar

Substances

  • Adjuvants, Immunologic
  • Autoantibodies
  • Autoantigens
  • Lipid A
  • Plant Oils
  • Immunoglobulin E
  • Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine
  • Aluminum Hydroxide
  • Mineral Oil