Abstract
During inflammatory events, the induction of immediate-early genes, such as TNF-alpha, is regulated by signaling cascades including the JAK/STAT, NF-kappaB, and the p38 MAPK pathways, which result in phosphorylation-dependent activation of transcription factors. We observed the direct interaction of histone deacetylase (HDAC) 3, a class I histone deacetylase, with MAPK11 (p38 beta isoform) by West-Western-based screening analysis, pull-down assay, and two-hybrid system analysis. Results further indicated that HDAC3 decreases the MAPK11 phosphorylation state and inhibits the activity of the MAPK11-dependent transcription factor, activating transcription factor-2 (ATF-2). LPS-mediated activation of ATF-2 was inhibited by HDAC3 in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Inhibition of HDAC3 expression by RNA interference resulted in increased ATF-2 activation in response to LPS stimulation. In agreement with decreased ATF-2 transcriptional activity by HDAC3, HDAC3-repressed TNF gene expression, and TNF protein production observed in response to LPS stimulation. Therefore, our results indicate that HDAC3 interacts directly and selectively with MAPK11, represses ATF-2 transcriptional activity, and acts as a regulator of TNF gene expression in LPS-stimulated cells, especially in mononuclear phagocytes.
Copyright 2004 The American Association of Immunologists, Inc.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Activating Transcription Factor 2
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Animals
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COS Cells
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Cell Line, Tumor
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Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / antagonists & inhibitors*
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Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / genetics
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Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / metabolism*
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Down-Regulation / genetics
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Down-Regulation / immunology*
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Gene Silencing / immunology*
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Histone Deacetylases / classification
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Histone Deacetylases / genetics
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Histone Deacetylases / physiology*
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Humans
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Isoenzymes / antagonists & inhibitors
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Isoenzymes / physiology
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Lipopolysaccharides / antagonists & inhibitors
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Lipopolysaccharides / pharmacology
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 11
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / physiology*
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Monocytes / enzymology
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Monocytes / immunology
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Monocytes / metabolism
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Peptide Fragments / genetics
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Peptide Fragments / physiology
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Repressor Proteins / classification
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Repressor Proteins / genetics
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Repressor Proteins / physiology
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Transcription Factors / antagonists & inhibitors*
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Transcription Factors / genetics
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Transcription Factors / metabolism*
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Transfection
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / antagonists & inhibitors*
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / biosynthesis
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / genetics*
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U937 Cells
Substances
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ATF2 protein, human
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Activating Transcription Factor 2
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Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein
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Isoenzymes
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Lipopolysaccharides
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Peptide Fragments
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Repressor Proteins
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Transcription Factors
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 11
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
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Histone Deacetylases
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histone deacetylase 3