The physiological metabolite esafosfina (fructose 1,6-diphosphate) influences the cerebral circulation of intact male rats. Injected intravenously in a dose of 250 mg/kg, esafosfina improved both the blood supply to brain and the local blood flow in the parietal region. Under the conditions of global transient cerebral ischemia, the cerebrovascular effect of the drug tends to increase. Esafosfina produced dissimilar changes in the arterial blood level, which could be explained by various basic status of the test animals. The pronounced cerebrovascular activity of esafosfina plays a key role in its neuroprotector effect.