This research sought to evaluate periapical repair in 28 traumatized deciduous teeth that had suffered endodontic intervention due to the presence of internal or external inflammatory resorption or replacement root resorption. After obtaining endodontic access, work length and biomechanical preparation, the root canals were filled with calcium hydroxide and propylene glycol under the form of a dense slurry, during 12 months. Replacement of the intracanal dressing was performed when monthly radiographic examinations showed its absence. After 12 months the teeth were obturated with zinc oxide and eugenol cement. Halting of the inflammatory and replacement root resorption (64.3%; n = 28) occurred 9 months after the use of calcium hydroxide dressings, in a total of 18 successful cases. Fisher's test was applied to relate success with the type of trauma, work length time, child's age and pulpal condition. The test did not present statistical significance (P < 0.05). However, in the qualitative analysis, failure was observed in those cases (35.7%) where replacement resorption was already present at the moment of treatment (up to two-thirds) associated with severe trauma cases. The authors concluded that endodontic treatment must be initiated at an early stage, and must be coincident with the radiographic signs of resorption. Success of the treatment is directly related to the seriousness of the sequelae at the moment of the first examination or the endodontic treatment.