Does rat global transient cerebral ischemia serve as an appropriate model to study emotional disturbances?

Fundam Clin Pharmacol. 2004 Dec;18(6):685-92. doi: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2004.00295.x.

Abstract

We used two validated psychopharmacological methods, the forced swimming test (FST 20 min and 5 min) and the elevated plus-maze (EPM), to quantify depression-like and anxiety-like behavior induced by transient global cerebral ischemia in the rat. We also validated use of these methods for the study of antidepressant (imipramine) and anti-anxiety drugs (diazepam). Twelve days after surgery to provoke transient global ischemia, spontaneous motor activity was 40% higher in ischemic rats than in sham-operated controls. Duration of immobility during the FST 20 min and 5 min was 28 and 30% shorter, respectively, than in controls. Treatment with imipramine (3 x 30 mg/kg i.p.) induced a significantly shorter duration of immobility during the FST 5 min, but with no difference between ischemia and control rats. The EPM demonstrated that ischemia did not induce any change in the six behavior parameters measured. Diazepam (1.5 mg/kg i.p.) induced significant anxiolytic effects which were similar in ischemic and sham-operated animals. Both tests failed to demonstrate perturbed performance but conversely, these findings did disclose the sensitivity of ischemia-exposed rats to the action of imipramine and diazepam, demonstrating the usefulness of these tests as psychopharmocological tools for evaluating the effect of psychotropics in the ischemic rat.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Anxiety Agents / therapeutic use
  • Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / therapeutic use
  • Anxiety / drug therapy
  • Anxiety / etiology*
  • Anxiety / psychology
  • Depression / drug therapy
  • Depression / etiology*
  • Depression / psychology
  • Diazepam / therapeutic use
  • Disease Models, Animal*
  • Imipramine / therapeutic use
  • Ischemic Attack, Transient / complications*
  • Ischemic Attack, Transient / psychology
  • Male
  • Maze Learning / drug effects
  • Motor Activity / drug effects
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Swimming

Substances

  • Anti-Anxiety Agents
  • Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic
  • Imipramine
  • Diazepam