Cell cycle progression in Caulobacter is governed by a multilayered regulatory network linking chromosome replication with polar morphogenesis and cell division. Temporal and spatial regulation have emerged as the central themes, with the abundance, activity and subcellular location of key structural and regulatory proteins changing over the course of the cell cycle. An additional layer of complexity was recently uncovered, showing that each segment of the chromosome is located at a specific cellular position both during and after the completion of DNA replication, raising the possibility that this positioning contributes to temporal and spatial control of gene expression.