Amphotericin-B-mediated reactivation of latent HIV-1 infection

Virology. 2005 Jan 5;331(1):106-16. doi: 10.1016/j.virol.2004.10.013.

Abstract

To date, attempts to eliminate HIV-1 infection from its latent reservoirs, a prerequisite for the development of a curative treatment strategy for HIV-1 infection, have been unsuccessful. We demonstrate that the FDA approved antifungal agent amphotericin B efficiently reactivates HIV-1 infection in THP89GFP cells, a model of HIV-1 latency in macrophages. Although amphotericin B does not directly reactivate latent HIV-1 infection in T cells (e.g., J89GFP), amphotericin-B-stimulated macrophages (THP89GFP cells or primary macrophages) when cocultured with J89GFP cells can induce HIV-1 reactivation in these cells in trans. Because of the close proximity of antigen presenting macrophages and T cells in the primary lymphoid organs, such interaction between antigen presenting macrophages and T cells are frequent, and it seems reasonable to assume that trans-reactivation strategies hold promise to also reactivate latent HIV-1 infection in vivo.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Amiloride / pharmacology
  • Amphotericin B / pharmacology*
  • Antifungal Agents / pharmacology
  • Butadienes / pharmacology
  • Cell Line
  • Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Gene Expression
  • HIV-1 / drug effects*
  • HIV-1 / physiology
  • Humans
  • Nitriles / pharmacology
  • Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / physiology
  • Virus Activation / drug effects*
  • Virus Latency / drug effects*

Substances

  • Antifungal Agents
  • Butadienes
  • Nitriles
  • Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • U 0126
  • Amiloride
  • Amphotericin B
  • Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases