It is well known that various kinds of humoral mediators are discovered by the progress of a molecule biological method in recent years, and those humoral mediators that was produced excessively play an important role in the pathogenesis of SIRS and sepsis. However, it is impossible to measure those humoral mediators quickly in a present stage. The establishment of the fast measurement method of humoral mediators is indispensable for the judgment of septic conditions that change day by day. In this manuscript, we discussed that the role of humoral mediators in the SIRS and septic conditions and the clinical significance of established method for rapid measurement of humoral mediators.