Abstract
We present a new strategy for the differentiation of embryonic stem (ES) cells into insulin-producing cells via a multi-step process without selection and induction of nestin-positive cells. During ES cell differentiation, transcript levels of genes characteristic of early and mature beta cells including Pdx1, Pax4, insulin and islet amyloid pancreatic peptide are up regulated. Islet-like clusters are characterized by expression of C-peptide, insulin and partially cytokeratin 19 as well as by ion channel activity similar to that found in embryonic beta cells. Cells of islet-like clusters show glucose-dependent insulin release at terminal stage. At an intermediate stage, nestin is partially co-expressed with C-peptide and cytokeratin 19, whereas islet-like clusters at the terminal stage are nestin-negative. We conclude that expression of nestin and cytokeratin 19 is a normal property of ES cells preceding differentiation into C-peptide/insulin-producing cells without any selection for nestin-positive phenotypes.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Animals
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C-Peptide / chemistry
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Carbonic Anhydrase II / metabolism
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Cell Culture Techniques
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Cell Differentiation
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Electrophysiology
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Embryo, Mammalian / cytology*
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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
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Homeodomain Proteins / metabolism
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Insulin / metabolism*
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Intermediate Filament Proteins / metabolism*
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Islets of Langerhans / cytology*
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Islets of Langerhans / embryology*
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Islets of Langerhans / metabolism
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Keratins / metabolism
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Male
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Microscopy, Fluorescence
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Models, Biological
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Nerve Tissue Proteins / metabolism*
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Nestin
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Patch-Clamp Techniques
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Peptides / chemistry
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Phenotype
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RNA, Messenger / metabolism
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Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Stem Cells / cytology*
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Streptozocin / pharmacology
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Time Factors
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Trans-Activators / metabolism
Substances
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C-Peptide
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Homeodomain Proteins
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Insulin
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Intermediate Filament Proteins
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Nerve Tissue Proteins
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Nes protein, mouse
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Nestin
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Peptides
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RNA, Messenger
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Trans-Activators
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pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 protein
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Streptozocin
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Keratins
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Carbonic Anhydrase II