Copper-free sonogashira coupling reaction with PdCl2 in water under aerobic conditions

J Org Chem. 2005 Jan 7;70(1):391-3. doi: 10.1021/jo048599z.

Abstract

A mild protocol for the copper-free Sonogashira coupling of aryl iodides with terminal acetylenes in water under aerobic conditions has been developed. The use of 1 mol % PdCl(2) in the presence of pyrrolidine allows the coupling reaction to proceed at room temperature or 50 degrees C with good to excellent yields.