Hip and knee arthroplasties usually are satisfying for the patient and the surgeon; however, these procedures also have considerable risks for generating a medical malpractice lawsuit. Strict adherence to the standard of care and recently implemented patient safety strategies should reduce the surgeon's liability. Expert technical execution of the surgery, timely evidence-based patient treatment, and detailed documentation in the medical record will not only improve the quality of patient care but also will serve as a strong legal defense should the need arise.