Local anesthesia reduces pain associated with transrectal prostatic biopsy. A prospective randomized study

Urol Int. 2005;74(3):209-13. doi: 10.1159/000083550.

Abstract

Introduction: To test the hypothesis that periprostatic block could completely relief prostatic biopsy-associated pain.

Materials and methods: Patients scheduled for transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy were randomized (1:1:1 ratio) to no analgesia (group A), endorectal enema of 1% lidocaine gel (group B) or transrectal periprostatic block (group C). All patients underwent 10 core TRUS-guided biopsy. After the procedure, a ten visual analogue pain score (VAS) from 0 = no discomfort to 10 = severe pain was administered to the biopsied patients and a global estimation of pain associated with the procedure was obtained. The study design included interim analysis of pain score after the first 60 patients were enrolled. Kruskal-Wallis test for unpaired data was used for statistical analysis. Data are presented as mean, median (range).

Results: Sixty patients were enrolled between May 2003 and December 2003 and all patients were evaluable. Mean and median age was 68.5 and 69 (range 53-82) years, respectively. Mean and median PSA was 86.8 and 9 ng/ml (range 0.58-4.111), respectively. No major side effects were observed. Patients in group A scored at VAS a median 4, mean 5.5 +/- 2.3 (range 3-10). Patients in group B scored a median 4, mean 5.5 +/- 2.7 (range 3-10) (p = 0.237). Patients receiving periprostatic injections of carbocaine (group C) scored a median 0, mean 0.5 +/- 0.8 (range 0-2). The level of pain reported by this group of patients was significantly different from those reported by patients who performed prostatic biopsy without anesthesia or with intrarectal anesthetic jelly (p = 0.00001). In the periprostatic block group 65% of patients referred no pain after the procedure (VAS = 0) while all patients in the other groups experience some degree of pain.

Conclusion: The use of bilateral periprostatic block is a very effective and useful technique, well tolerated by the patient, which almost completely abolishes the pain and discomfort associated with the prostatic biopsy procedure.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anesthesia, Local* / methods
  • Anesthesia, Local* / standards
  • Anesthetics, Local / administration & dosage*
  • Biopsy / methods
  • Endosonography
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Injections
  • Male
  • Mepivacaine / administration & dosage*
  • Middle Aged
  • Pain / diagnosis
  • Pain / drug therapy*
  • Pain Measurement
  • Prospective Studies
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Rectum
  • Surveys and Questionnaires

Substances

  • Anesthetics, Local
  • Mepivacaine