Common anti-apoptotic roles of parkin and alpha-synuclein in human dopaminergic cells

Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Jun 24;332(1):233-40. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.04.124.

Abstract

Parkin, a product of the gene responsible for autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism (AR-JP), is an important player in the pathogenic process of Parkinson's disease (PD). Despite numerous studies including search for the substrate of parkin as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase, the mechanism by which loss-of-function of parkin induces selective dopaminergic neuronal death remains unclear. Related to this issue, here we show that antisense knockdown of parkin causes apoptotic cell death of human dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells associated with caspase activation and accompanied by accumulation of oxidative dopamine (DA) metabolites due to auto-oxidation of DOPA and DA. Forced expression of alpha-synuclein (alpha-SN), another familial PD gene product, prevented accumulation of oxidative DOPA/DA metabolites and cell death caused by parkin loss. Our findings indicate that both parkin and alpha-SN share a common pathway in DA metabolism whose abnormality leads to accumulation of oxidative DA metabolites and subsequent cell death.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Apoptosis*
  • Caspases / metabolism*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Survival
  • Dihydroxyphenylalanine / metabolism*
  • Dopamine / metabolism*
  • HeLa Cells
  • Humans
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins / genetics
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins / metabolism*
  • Neuroblastoma / metabolism*
  • Neuroblastoma / pathology*
  • Parkinson Disease / metabolism
  • Parkinson Disease / pathology
  • Synucleins
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / genetics
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / metabolism*
  • alpha-Synuclein

Substances

  • Nerve Tissue Proteins
  • SNCA protein, human
  • Synucleins
  • alpha-Synuclein
  • Dihydroxyphenylalanine
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
  • parkin protein
  • Caspases
  • Dopamine