Horizontal spread of activity in neocortical inhibitory networks

Brain Res Dev Brain Res. 2005 Jun 9;157(1):83-92. doi: 10.1016/j.devbrainres.2005.03.008. Epub 2005 Apr 19.

Abstract

In the presence of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and excitatory amino acid receptor blockers, GABAergic networks in the neocortex give rise to large spontaneous GABA-mediated depolarizations. We used voltage-sensitive dye techniques to explore the network properties of depolarizing GABA responses. Voltage-sensitive dye signals demonstrated that the superficial layers support the propagation of depolarizing GABA responses, with only minimal signals detected in deeper cortical layers. GABA responses propagated at a speed of 2.7 +/- 0.2 mm/s, a rate intermediate to fast synaptic transmission and spreading depression. Changes in the extracellular potassium concentration altered the propagation speed of the depolarizing GABA response. Taken together, these data support a role for both direct synaptic action of GABA at GABA(A) receptors and nonsynaptic mechanisms in the generation and propagation of depolarizing GABA responses.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • 4-Aminopyridine / pharmacology
  • 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione / pharmacology
  • Animals
  • Animals, Newborn
  • Diagnostic Imaging / methods
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Interactions
  • Evoked Potentials / drug effects
  • Evoked Potentials / physiology
  • Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / pharmacology
  • Fluorescent Dyes / metabolism
  • Fluorescent Dyes / pharmacology
  • In Vitro Techniques
  • Kynurenic Acid / pharmacology
  • Linear Models
  • Neocortex / drug effects
  • Neocortex / physiology*
  • Nerve Net / drug effects
  • Nerve Net / physiology*
  • Neural Inhibition / drug effects
  • Neural Inhibition / physiology*
  • Potassium Channel Blockers / pharmacology
  • Pyridinium Compounds / metabolism
  • Pyridinium Compounds / pharmacology
  • Rats
  • Reaction Time / drug effects
  • Time Factors
  • gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / pharmacology

Substances

  • Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists
  • Fluorescent Dyes
  • Potassium Channel Blockers
  • Pyridinium Compounds
  • gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
  • 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione
  • 4-Aminopyridine
  • Kynurenic Acid
  • RH 414