Personality measures in former heroin users receiving methadone or in protracted abstinence from opiates

Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2005 Aug;112(2):149-58. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2005.00546.x.

Abstract

Objective: Methadone Maintenance Therapy (MMT) and detoxification to abstinence are among the most common treatment options for opiate-dependent patients. This paper compares personality traits in detoxified former heroin users and those on MMT in order to assess their relevance to treatment selection.

Method: Twenty-six formerly heroin-dependent subjects receiving MMT (MM), 33 formerly heroin-dependent subjects withdrawn from MMT (MW), and 43 healthy controls were compared on the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-II (MCMI-II) and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI).

Results: On the TCI, MM patients had higher novelty seeking and lower self-directedness scores than controls. Both MM and MW subjects scored higher than controls on multiple MCMI-II scales. MW but not MM subjects scored higher than controls on two Cluster A Scales and the delusional disorder scale.

Conclusion: Schizophrenia-spectrum pathology in former opiate users may be greater than previously recognized and could potentially be relevant to treatment selection.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Analgesics, Opioid / therapeutic use*
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Behavior / physiology
  • Female
  • Heroin Dependence / psychology*
  • Heroin Dependence / rehabilitation*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Methadone / therapeutic use*
  • Opioid-Related Disorders / psychology
  • Opioid-Related Disorders / rehabilitation*
  • Personality Disorders / diagnosis
  • Personality Inventory / statistics & numerical data*
  • Reference Values
  • Time Factors
  • Withholding Treatment / statistics & numerical data*

Substances

  • Analgesics, Opioid
  • Methadone