Abstract
Hypoxia is a common pathophysiological occurrence with a profound impact on the cellular transcriptome. The consequences of hypoxia-induced or hypoxia-repressed gene expression have important implications in disease processes as diverse as tumour development and chronic inflammation. While the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1) plays a major role in controlling the ubiquitous transcriptional response to hypoxia, it is clear that a number of other transcription factors are also activated either directly or indirectly. In this review, we comprehensively discuss the transcription factors that have been reported to be hypoxia-responsive and the signalling mechanisms leading to their activation. Understanding such events will enhance our understanding of cellular oxygen sensing.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Review
MeSH terms
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Animals
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CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta / physiology
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Cell Hypoxia / physiology
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Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / physiology
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Early Growth Response Protein 1 / physiology
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Humans
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Hypoxia / physiopathology*
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Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 / physiology
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NF-kappa B / physiology
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Sp1 Transcription Factor / physiology
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Sp3 Transcription Factor / physiology
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Transcription Factor AP-1 / physiology
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Transcription Factors / physiology*
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Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / physiology
Substances
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CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta
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Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein
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Early Growth Response Protein 1
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Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1
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NF-kappa B
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Sp1 Transcription Factor
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Transcription Factor AP-1
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Transcription Factors
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Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
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Sp3 Transcription Factor