Is there cognitive impairment in clinically 'healthy' abstinent alcohol dependence?

Alcohol Alcohol. 2005 Nov-Dec;40(6):498-503. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agh203. Epub 2005 Sep 26.

Abstract

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine neuropsychological performance in apparently cognitively, mentally, and physically healthy abstinent alcohol-dependent subjects compared with control subjects who were recruited for a number of different neuroimaging studies.

Methods: All subjects completed a battery of neuropsychological tests as part of the neuroimaging protocol.

Results: The group dependent on alcohol performed as well as controls on a non-verbal memory test and verbal fluency but performed worse in the verbal memory task, Trail A + B, and total IQ derived from Silverstein's short-form of the WAIS-R. However, the IQ performance of both groups was above average. In both groups, age was associated with slower performance on the Trail A + B task. In the alcohol-dependent group, severity of dependence and length of abstinence was not associated with performance of any task.

Conclusions: In this apparently clinically healthy population of abstinent alcohol-dependent subjects, frontal lobe dysfunction was detectable using the Trail A + B and digit symbol tasks. This was despite above-average WAIS-R IQ scores. Consideration needs to be given to routine incorporation of cognitive testing in alcohol dependence since subtle deficits may not be easily apparent and may impact on treatment outcome.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Alcohol Amnestic Disorder / diagnosis*
  • Alcohol Amnestic Disorder / psychology
  • Alcoholism / psychology
  • Alcoholism / rehabilitation*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Intelligence / drug effects
  • Male
  • Memory, Short-Term / drug effects*
  • Mental Recall / drug effects
  • Middle Aged
  • Neuropsychological Tests* / statistics & numerical data
  • Orientation / drug effects
  • Problem Solving / drug effects
  • Psychometrics / statistics & numerical data
  • Psychomotor Performance / drug effects
  • Reference Values
  • Retention, Psychology / drug effects
  • Temperance*
  • Verbal Learning / drug effects
  • Wechsler Scales
  • Word Association Tests