In the last 5 years, a great progress in the clinical treatment and basic research of ocular fundus diseases in China has been obtained. An abundance of clinical experience and a great deal of research data have been accumulated. In the field of clinical work, the photodynamic therapy (PDT) and transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) of choroidal neovascular membrane have been established gradually in China. A rapid progress has been achieved in the vitreous surgery, intraocular injection of triamcinolone acetonide for treating macular edema, radial optic neurotomy (RON) for treating central retinal vein occlusion, the multi-access prevention and management of retinopathy of prematurity and intraocular tumor, and the update of the techniques and equipments for vitreous and retinal surgeries, etc. In the field of laboratory work, Chinese scientists achieved lasting and great progress in many fields: diabetic retinopathy, retinoblastoma, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, retinal pigment epithelial cells, retinal transplantation, gene therapy of ocular fundus diseases, etc. All of these achievements implied that both the clinical work and basic research of ocular fundus diseases in China have approached international advanced technology, while some fields have achieved the international advanced level.