We purified to homogeneity an alanine racemase (EC 5.1.1.1) from Thermus thermophilus HB8, an extreme thermophile. Interestingly, the enzyme possessed a monomeric structure with a molecular weight of about 38,000. The enzyme was most active at pH 8 and 75 degrees C, and remained active after incubation at 80 degrees C for 30 min.