Bacterial Fe(III) reduction is an important pathway of bioenergy metabolism in the process of life evolution. Many kinds of archaebacteria and eubacteria are capable of reducing Fe(III) to conserve energy. Anaerobic Fe(III) respiration pathway involves many membranous proteins and regulating factors, especially the muti-haem c-type cytochromes are very important in the course of electron transportation. In addition, bacterial Fe(III) reduction play important roles in the biological geochemistry circulation and environmental remediation, therefore has vital environmental significance.