Effect of bowel decontamination with metronidazole and vancomycin on gastroduodenal myoelectric activity

Folia Med Cracov. 2004;45(3-4):45-53.

Abstract

It is well recognized that prolonged antibiotic therapy leading to gut decontamination often results in side effects and may lead to colonization of gut with pathologic bacteria. Changes of a gut microflora could play a role in dysmotility of gastrointestinal tract. The aim of the study was to evaluate influence of intraluminal colon anaerobic and aerobic bacterial flora on myoelectric activity of duodenum and stomach. A myoelectric activity recordings using electrodes implanted on small bowel of the conscious rats were performed. Group I was scheduled for control recording, group II for recordings in 4th day after metronidazole (M) administration (30 mg/kg) and group III for recordings after vancomycin (V) administration (15 mg/kg) respectively. Rat's stools were cultured for confirmation of changes in colon flora composition. Recordings were previously filtered digitally with bandwidth filter 0.01-0.1 Hz and 0.1-1.0 Hz to extract gastric and duodenal slow wave respectively and than analyzed with Fast Fourier Transformation. Baseline duodenal slow wave frequency in control group revealed 0.60 +/- 0.05 Hz. M increased slow waves frequency to 0.64 +/- 0.13 Hz and V did not 0.58 +/- 0.09 Hz (p > 0.05). Slow wave dominant frequency of the stomach showed decrease of frequency from control 0.035 +/- 0.04 to 0.025 +/- 0.06 Hz after M (p < 0.05). Pretreatment with V also did not influence slow wave dominant frequency in comparison to control group (0.036 +/- 0.07 Hz, p > 0.05).

Conclusion: Only pretreatment with M significantly decreased gastric slow wave frequency. One can speculate that M effects are related not only to gut decontamination but also directly affects ENS. We propose hypothesis that M influence on slow wave frequency may be related not only to its antimicrobial activity but to its potential neurotoxic action on intramural ENS neurons.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Infective Agents / pharmacology*
  • Duodenum* / microbiology
  • Duodenum* / physiopathology
  • Female
  • Gastrointestinal Motility / drug effects*
  • Metronidazole / pharmacology*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Stomach* / microbiology
  • Stomach* / physiopathology
  • Vancomycin / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • Metronidazole
  • Vancomycin