Clamp techniques in paediatrics: what have we learned?

Horm Res. 2005:64 Suppl 3:16-24. doi: 10.1159/000089313. Epub 2006 Jan 20.

Abstract

The marked increase in conditions associated with insulin resistance in youth, including obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus etc., has prompted the need to assess insulin sensitivity in this age group. Even though insulin resistance plays an important role in disorders of glucose metabolism and other pathological conditions, both insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion should be determined for a comprehensive evaluation of glucose homeostasis disorders. Insulin sensitivity and secretion are intricately coupled with a delicate feedback mechanism governing their relationship. This article will delineate our paediatric experience with the clamp technique, the hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp in assessing in vivo insulin sensitivity, and the hyperglycaemic clamp in assessing insulin secretion.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Blood Glucose / analysis
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / diagnosis
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / etiology
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / metabolism
  • Female
  • Glucose Clamp Technique* / methods
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Insulin / metabolism*
  • Insulin Resistance*
  • Insulin Secretion
  • Male
  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / diagnosis
  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / etiology
  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / metabolism

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Insulin