SMIT1 haploinsufficiency causes brain inositol deficiency without affecting lithium-sensitive behavior

Mol Genet Metab. 2006 Aug;88(4):384-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2006.03.007. Epub 2006 Apr 27.

Abstract

Two leading hypotheses to explain lithium action in bipolar disorder propose either inositol depletion or inhibition of GSK-3 as mechanisms of action. Behavioral effects of lithium are mimicked in Gsk-3beta+/- mice, but the contribution of inositol depletion to these behaviors has not been tested. According to the inositol depletion hypothesis, lithium-sensitive behavior is secondary to impaired phosphatidylinositol synthesis caused by inositol deficiency. By disrupting the sodium myo-inositol transporter1 gene, SMIT1, we show that depletion of brain myo-inositol in SMIT1+/- mice has no effect on lithium-sensitive behavior. These findings, taken together with our previous work showing that SMIT-/- mice have an even greater depletion of inositol in brain with no reduction in phosphatidylinositol levels, are difficult to reconcile with the current formulation of the inositol depletion hypothesis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Behavior, Animal / drug effects*
  • Bipolar Disorder / drug therapy*
  • Bipolar Disorder / genetics
  • Bipolar Disorder / metabolism
  • Bipolar Disorder / psychology
  • Brain / metabolism*
  • Genotype
  • Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / metabolism
  • Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta
  • Inositol / deficiency
  • Inositol / metabolism*
  • Lithium / pharmacology*
  • Lithium / therapeutic use
  • Mice
  • Symporters / genetics*

Substances

  • SLC5A3 protein, mouse
  • Symporters
  • Inositol
  • Lithium
  • Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta
  • Gsk3b protein, mouse
  • Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3