A case of large spontaneous splenorenal (S-R) shunt accompanied with splenic artery aneurysm is reported in this paper. The large blood vessel, a shunt, anatomizing the splenic vein and left renal vein is macroscopically found during the autopsy of a 71-year-old male, accompanied with liver cirrhosis and splenomegaly. Though there are many reports demonstrating medical imaging, anatomical findings are relatively poor besides describing and illustrating the appearances of the S-R shunt, the splenic artery aneurysm and related branches of the splenic vein and left renal vein, the embryologic and pathogenetic origins of these anomalies are also discussed with the description of the relationship between the S-R shunt and the splenic artery aneurysm.