Abstract
The genotypes and biological phenotypes of HIV-1 isolates obtained from 40 perinatally infected children in South Africa were analyzed. This included 15 infants who had HIV-related symptoms, most of whom died within 2 years of birth (rapid progressors), and 25 children who survived between 4 and 9 years with varying signs of disease (slow progressors). Heteroduplex mobility assays and sequence analysis confirmed that within the env and gag regions, all isolates were HIV-1 subtype C. Viral isolates from 14 of the 15 rapid progressors used the CCR5 coreceptor, whereas 1 (02ZARP1) used both the CXCR4 and CCR5 coreceptors. Among the 25 slow progressors, 22 isolates used CCR5 only, 2 used CXCR4 only, and 1 used both CCR5 and CXCR4. Two of the slow-progressing children who harbored CXCR4-using viruses had AIDS. All four CXCR4-using viruses had genotypic changes in the V3 region previously shown to be associated with CXCR4 usage. This cross-sectional study shows that HIV-1 subtype C viruses from both rapid- and slow-progressing perinatally infected children used predominantly CCR5. Similar to adults, CXCR4 usage was uncommon among HIV-1 subtype C isolates from pediatric infections.
Publication types
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Comparative Study
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / mortality
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Child
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Child, Preschool
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Cross-Sectional Studies
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Disease Progression
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Female
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Genes, env*
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Genes, gag*
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Genotype
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HIV Infections / virology*
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HIV-1 / classification
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HIV-1 / genetics*
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HIV-1 / isolation & purification
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Humans
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Infant
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Male
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Molecular Sequence Data
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Phenotype
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Phylogeny
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RNA, Viral / genetics*
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Receptors, CCR5 / metabolism
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Receptors, CXCR4 / metabolism
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Sequence Analysis, DNA
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Time Factors
Substances
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RNA, Viral
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Receptors, CCR5
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Receptors, CXCR4
Associated data
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GENBANK/AY228556
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GENBANK/AY529666
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GENBANK/AY529676
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GENBANK/AY529677
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GENBANK/AY529678
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GENBANK/AY529679
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GENBANK/DQ235615
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GENBANK/DQ235616
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GENBANK/DQ235617
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GENBANK/DQ235618
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GENBANK/DQ235619
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GENBANK/DQ235620
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GENBANK/DQ235621
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GENBANK/DQ235624
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GENBANK/DQ235628
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GENBANK/DQ235629
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GENBANK/DQ235630
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GENBANK/DQ235631
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GENBANK/DQ235632
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GENBANK/DQ235640
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GENBANK/DQ235641
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GENBANK/DQ235642
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GENBANK/DQ235643
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GENBANK/DQ235645
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GENBANK/DQ235646
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GENBANK/DQ235647
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GENBANK/DQ235648