One hundred thirty-five crossbred heifers were used to compare the effectiveness of Estrumate and Syncro-Mate B in synchronizing estrus in recipient heifers for transfer of demi-embryos. A higher percentage (P<0.01) of Syncro-Mate B heifers showed estrus within 5 d following treatment than did Estrumate heifers (100.0 vs 85.1%). Demi-embryos were transferred to 41 and 26 heifers treated with Syncro-Mate B and Estrumate, respectively. The pregnancy rate of heifers synchronized with Estrumate was higher (P<0.01) than that of heifers synchronized with Syncro-Mate B (64.3 vs 27.8%). A single blood sample was collected on the day of embryo transfer from all heifers receiving demi-embryos, and progesterone concentration was determined. There were no significant differences in mean serum progesterone concentrations either between heifers synchronized with Syncro-Mate B and Estrumate or between pregnant and open heifers within synchronization treatment. There was no relationship between serum progesterone concentration and pregnancy rate in the Estrumate recipients (P>0.10). However, 25.0% of the Syncro-Mate B recipients had serum progesterone levels <1.00 ng/ml, and these heifers had a lower pregnancy rate (P<0.05) than Syncro-Mate B heifers with serum progesterone levels between 1.00 to 3.00 ng/ml. It appears that the Syncro-Mate B heifers with <1.00 ng/ml progesterone had either a delay in corpora lutea function or a continuously reduced concentration of serum progesterone which altered the uterine environment of these heifers and caused the lower pregnancy rate in the Syncro-Mate B group. Based on the large difference in pregnancy rates, Estrumate appears to be a more effective method to synchronize estrus in recipient heifers receiving demi-embryos.