Influencing factor of natural zeolite barrier for controlling nitrogen and phosphorus release from sediments was researched. The results show that: (1) Zeolite barrier can effectively control the ammonia release from sediment under anaerobic conditions. (2) The ammonia release in a short term was not influenced by temperature, grain size of zeolite, thickness of barrier and aeration; However, long-term effectiveness of zeolite barrier was greatly influenced by grain size of zeolite and barrier thickness, and the little the grain size or the more thick the width, the better the effectiveness of controlling release of ammonia from sediment. (3) The release rate of total phosphorus from sediments increases as temperature heightening; the release rate of total phosphorus from sediments decreases with grain size of zeolite smaller or width thicker. (4) For barriers with zeolite's grain size 3-5 mm and width 1 cm, the rate of release of total phosphorus from sediments was decreased by aeration; For barriers with zeolite's grain size <2 mm and width 1 cm, efficiency of controlling release total phosphorus was decreased by aeration during prior period, and its efficiency was increased by aeration in the late stage; For barriers with zeolite's grain size 3-5 mm and width 3 cm, efficiency of controlling release total phosphorus was decreased by aeration.