Abstract
Apoptosis of photoreceptor cells in the early postnatal period is a normal feature of mammalian retinal development. The role of mitochondria and caspases in the process has been well established; however, the identification of key apoptotic mediators still remains elusive. Here we report that BIM(EL), a pro-apoptotic BCL-2 family member, may be one such molecule. Following growth factor deprivation, BIM(EL) was up-regulated in mouse 661W cone photoreceptors. This event correlated with the release of mitochondrial apoptogenic factors into the cytosol, the activation of caspases and apoptosis. Moreover, a similar behaviour was observed in response to UV radiation, ionomycin or H(2)O(2) treatments. We identified the PI3K-Akt-FKHRL1 signalling cascade as the main regulatory pathway of BIM(EL) expression in these cells. Finally, using RNA interference, we were able to silence BIM(EL) expression and subsequently suppress caspase-3 activation. In conclusion, we propose BIM(EL) as a critical factor in mitochondria-dependent apoptosis of 661W photoreceptors.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Apoptosis / physiology*
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Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / genetics
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Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / metabolism*
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Bcl-2-Like Protein 11
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Caspases / metabolism*
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Cell Line
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Chromones / metabolism
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Enzyme Activation
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Enzyme Inhibitors / metabolism
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Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / metabolism*
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Membrane Proteins / genetics
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Membrane Proteins / metabolism*
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Mice
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Mitochondria / metabolism
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Morpholines / metabolism
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Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / metabolism
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Protein Isoforms / genetics
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Protein Isoforms / metabolism*
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins / genetics
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins / metabolism*
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism
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RNA Interference
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Retina / cytology
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Retina / growth & development
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Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells / cytology
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Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells / physiology*
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Signal Transduction / physiology
Substances
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Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins
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Bcl-2-Like Protein 11
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Bcl2l11 protein, mouse
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Chromones
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Enzyme Inhibitors
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Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
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Membrane Proteins
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Morpholines
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Protein Isoforms
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins
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2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one
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Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
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Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
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Caspases