Spontaneous subperiosteal hematoma of the orbit is uncommon and only five cases have been reported in literature. The aim is to report a new case of this exceptional complication of labour and delivery. A 28-year-old woman developed immediately after delivery exophthalmia, chemosis and diplopia. CT scan showed a subperiosteal hematoma of the orbit. Spontaneous evolution was good. For her second pregnancy, caesarean section was decided because of the risk of recurrence. Since no etiology is found, venous hyperpression occurring during labor could be the lone origin.