Acute beta-blockade changes the extracellular distribution of thyroid hormones

J Endocrinol Invest. 1990 Apr;13(4):277-81. doi: 10.1007/BF03349560.

Abstract

The acute (within hours) changes in the concentrations of T4, T3, reverse-T3 (rT3) and T3 resin uptake test (T3RU) were studied in 31 hyperthyroid patients for 4 h after po treatment with either acebutolol, oxprenolol, pindolol or timolol. In 21 of the patients, the changes were compared to changes in the serum concentrations of alpha 2-macroglobulin (a macromolecule) and two middle-sized molecules; thyroid hormone-binding globulin (TBG) and albumin in order to calculate the changes in extracellular distribution of the thyroid hormones and to distinguish between changes due to a changed metabolism and changes due to a changed distribution of the thyroid hormones. Acebutolol, oxprenolol and timolol caused a decrease in serum T3 after 1/2 h, and acebutolol and oxprenolol also a decrease in rT3 after 1/2 - 1 h, the changes reversed within 2 h. A concomitant decrease in serum albumin and TBG suggests a change in the extracellular distribution of middle-sized molecules to which thyroid hormones are attached, as an explanation of the acute decrease (1 h) of the thyroid hormones. The small and insignificant change in alpha 2-macroglobulin indicates that the changes are mainly extravascular, but the difference of alpha 2-macroglobulin changes between the drugs (acebutolol/timolol vs pindolol/oxprenolol) could depend on the intrinsic sympathomimetic activity of the drugs.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Acebutolol / pharmacokinetics
  • Acebutolol / pharmacology
  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / pharmacokinetics
  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / pharmacology*
  • Adult
  • Carrier Proteins / blood
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Membrane Proteins / blood
  • Middle Aged
  • Oxprenolol / pharmacokinetics
  • Oxprenolol / pharmacology
  • Pindolol / pharmacokinetics
  • Pindolol / pharmacology
  • Serum Albumin / analysis
  • Thyroid Hormone-Binding Proteins
  • Thyroid Hormones / blood*
  • Thyroxine / blood
  • Timolol / pharmacokinetics
  • Timolol / pharmacology
  • Tissue Distribution
  • Triiodothyronine / blood
  • alpha-Macroglobulins / analysis

Substances

  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists
  • Carrier Proteins
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Serum Albumin
  • Thyroid Hormones
  • alpha-Macroglobulins
  • Triiodothyronine
  • Oxprenolol
  • Acebutolol
  • Timolol
  • Pindolol
  • Thyroxine