Use of virus vectors for the expression in plants of active full-length and single chain anti-coronavirus antibodies

Biotechnol J. 2006 Oct;1(10):1103-11. doi: 10.1002/biot.200600143.

Abstract

To extend the potential of antibodies and their derivatives to provide passive protection against enteric infections when supplied orally in crude plant extracts, we have expressed both a small immune protein (SIP) and a full-length antibody in plants using two different plant virus vectors based on potato virus X (PVX) and cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV). The alphaSIP molecule consisted of a single chain antibody (scFv) specific for the porcine coronavirus, transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) linked to the alpha-CH3 domain from human IgA. To express the full-length IgA, the individual light and heavy chains from the TGEV-specific mAb 6A.C3 were inserted into separate PVX constructs and plants were co-infected with both constructs. Western blot analysis revealed the efficient expression of both the SIP and IgA molecules. Analysis of crude plant extracts revealed that both the plant-expressed alphaSIP and IgA molecules could bind to and neutralize TGEV in tissue culture, indicating that active molecules were produced. Oral administration of crude extracts from antibody-expressing plant tissue to 2-day-old piglets showed that both the alphaSIP and full-length IgA molecules can provide in vivo protection against TGEV.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies / genetics
  • Antibodies / immunology*
  • Antibodies / metabolism
  • Comovirus / genetics*
  • Coronavirus / immunology*
  • Genetic Vectors / genetics
  • Immunoglobulin A / genetics
  • Immunoglobulin A / immunology*
  • Immunoglobulin A / metabolism*
  • Immunoglobulin Variable Region / immunology
  • Plant Proteins / genetics
  • Plant Proteins / immunology*
  • Plant Proteins / metabolism
  • Potexvirus / genetics*
  • Protein Engineering / methods
  • Recombinant Proteins / metabolism
  • Swine
  • Transfection / methods

Substances

  • Antibodies
  • Immunoglobulin A
  • Immunoglobulin Variable Region
  • Plant Proteins
  • Recombinant Proteins