Abstract
Thymidylate synthase (TS, ThyA) catalyzes the reductive methylation of 2'-deoxyuridine 5'-monophosphate to 2'-deoxythymidine 5'-monophosphate, an essential precursor for DNA synthesis. A specific inhibition of this enzyme induces bacterial cell death. As a second round lead optimization design, new 1,2-naphthalein derivatives have been synthesized and tested against a TS-based biolibrary, including human thymidylate synthase (hTS). Docking studies have been performed to rationalize the experimentally observed affinity profiles of 1,2-naphthalein compounds toward Lactobacillus casei TS and hTS. The best TS inhibitors have been tested against a number of clinical isolates of Gram-positive-resistant bacterial strains. Compound 3,3-bis(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1H,3H-naphtho[1,2-c]furan-1-one (5) showed significant antibacterial activity, no in vitro toxicity, and dose-response effects against Staphylococcus epidermidis (MIC=0.5-2.5 microg/mL) clinical isolate strains, which are resistant to at least 17 of the best known antibacterial agents, including vancomycin. So far this compound can be regarded as a leading antibacterial agent.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemical synthesis
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Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemistry*
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Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
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Bacterial Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors*
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Bacterial Proteins / chemistry*
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Benzofurans / chemical synthesis
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Benzofurans / chemistry*
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Benzofurans / pharmacology
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Chlorocebus aethiops
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Citrobacter / drug effects
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Cryptococcus neoformans / enzymology
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Databases, Factual
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Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial
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Enterococcus / drug effects
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Enterococcus / isolation & purification
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Escherichia coli / drug effects
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Escherichia coli / enzymology
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Humans
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Lacticaseibacillus casei / enzymology
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Listeria monocytogenes / drug effects
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Microbial Sensitivity Tests
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Models, Molecular
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Naphthalenes / chemical synthesis
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Naphthalenes / chemistry*
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Naphthalenes / pharmacology
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Staphylococcus / drug effects
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Staphylococcus / isolation & purification
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Streptococcus / drug effects
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Structure-Activity Relationship
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Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase / chemistry
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Thymidylate Synthase / antagonists & inhibitors*
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Thymidylate Synthase / chemistry*
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Vero Cells
Substances
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1,1-bis(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1H-naphtho(1,2-c)furan-3-one
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Anti-Bacterial Agents
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Bacterial Proteins
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Benzofurans
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Naphthalenes
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Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase
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Thymidylate Synthase