The ways to the polarization singularities of the biological tissues images of various morphological structures have been theoretically analyzed. The coordinate distributions of singly (linear states of polarization) and doubly degenerated (circular states of polarization) polarization singularities of the physiologically normal and pathologically changed biological tissues have been experimentally examined. The statistical criteria of diagnostics of the kidney tissue collagenous disease (the third and the fourth statistical moments of the linear density singularity points) have been determined. It was discovered that the process of the pathological change of the kidney tissue morphology leads to the formation of the self-similar (fractal) coordinate distribution of the polarization singularities of its image.