Characterization of glioblastomas in young adults

Brain Pathol. 2006 Oct;16(4):273-86. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3639.2006.00029.x.

Abstract

Most adult glioblastoma multiformes (GBMs) present in patients 45-70 years old; tumors occurring at the extremes of the adult age spectrum are uncommon, and seldom studied. We hypothesized that young-adult GBMs would differ from elderly-adult and from pediatric GBMs. Cases were identified from years 1997 to 2005. Demographic and histological features, MIB-1 and TP53 immunohistochemical findings and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) amplification status by fluorescence in situ hybridization were compiled and correlated with survival. Twenty-eight (74%) of our 38 young-adult GBM patients had primary de novo tumors, two of which occurred in patients with cancer syndromes. Two additional GBMs were radiation-induced and eight (21%) were secondary GBMs. Seven patients were identified as long-term (>3 years) survivors. Six of 38 cases manifested unusual morphological features, including three epithelioid GBMs, one rhabdoid GBM, one gliosarcoma and one small cell GBM containing abundant, refractile, eosinophilic inclusions. MIB-1 index emerged as the most important prognosticator of survival (P < 0.005). Although there was a trend between extent of necrosis, TP53 immunohistochemical expression, and EGFR amplification status and survival, none reached statistical significance. GBMs in young adults are a more inhomogeneous tumor group than GBMs occurring in older adult patients and show features that overlap with both pediatric and adult GBMs.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Brain Neoplasms / etiology
  • Brain Neoplasms / mortality*
  • Brain Neoplasms / pathology*
  • ErbB Receptors / metabolism
  • Female
  • Glioblastoma / etiology
  • Glioblastoma / mortality*
  • Glioblastoma / pathology*
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
  • Ki-67 Antigen / metabolism
  • Male
  • Mitotic Index
  • Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced
  • Neoplasms, Second Primary / mortality
  • Neoplasms, Second Primary / pathology
  • Prognosis
  • Survival Analysis
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism

Substances

  • Ki-67 Antigen
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
  • ErbB Receptors