Base excision repair proteins are required for integrin-mediated suppression of bleomycin-induced DNA breakage in murine lung endothelial cells

J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2007 Apr;321(1):318-26. doi: 10.1124/jpet.106.113498. Epub 2007 Jan 3.

Abstract

Engagement of integrin cell adhesion receptors suppresses bleomycin (BLM)-induced DNA strand breakage in endothelial cells. Previous investigation of cells from poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-1 knockout mice and with an inhibitor of the enzyme indicated that this facilitator of base excision repair (BER) is required for integrin-mediated suppression of DNA strand breakage. Here, small inhibitory RNA (siRNA) was used to assess the requirement for the BER proteins, DNA ligase III (Lig3) alpha, PARP-1, and X-ray repair complementing defective repair in Chinese hamster cells 1 (XRCC1), and for the long-patch BER ligase, DNA ligase I (Lig1), in integrin-mediated protection from BLM-induced DNA breakage. Murine lung endothelial cells (MLECs) were transfected with siRNA, treated with anti-beta1 integrin antibody, and then BLM. 3'-OH in DNA and accumulation of phosphorylated histone H2AX (gammaH2AX), which reflects double-strand breakage, were measured. Integrin antibody inhibited the increases in 3'-OH caused by BLM in MLECs transfected with either control or Lig1 siRNA. However, after knockdown of Lig3alpha, PARP-1, or XRCC1, suppression of DNA breakage by integrin antibody was limited. BLM increased gammaH2AX levels, and integrin treatment inhibited this by 57 to 73% in MLECs transfected with control siRNA. Integrin engagement also inhibited increases in gammaH2AX in BLM-treated cells transfected with Lig1 siRNA. In contrast, Lig3alpha, PARP-1, and XRCC1 siRNAs prevented integrin-mediated inhibition of BLM-induced gammaH2AX levels. The results suggest that the BER proteins, Lig3alpha, PARP-1, and XRCC1, are required for integrin-mediated suppression of BLM-induced DNA breakage.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / toxicity*
  • Bleomycin / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Bleomycin / toxicity*
  • Blotting, Western
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • DNA Damage*
  • DNA Ligase ATP
  • DNA Ligases / genetics
  • DNA Repair / drug effects*
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • Endothelial Cells / cytology
  • Endothelial Cells / drug effects
  • Endothelial Cells / metabolism*
  • Fluorescent Antibody Technique
  • Green Fluorescent Proteins / biosynthesis
  • Green Fluorescent Proteins / genetics
  • Histones / genetics
  • In Situ Nick-End Labeling
  • Integrins / physiology*
  • Lung / cytology
  • Lung / drug effects
  • Lung / metabolism*
  • Mice
  • Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1
  • Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors
  • Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / genetics
  • RNA, Small Interfering / pharmacology
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1

Substances

  • Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Histones
  • Integrins
  • Lig1 protein, mouse
  • Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1
  • Xrcc1 protein, mouse
  • gamma-H2AX protein, mouse
  • Bleomycin
  • Green Fluorescent Proteins
  • Parp1 protein, mouse
  • Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1
  • Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases
  • DNA Ligases
  • DNA Ligase ATP