We studied and established a DNA database of 17 Y-STRs in a population sample of 133 unrelated individuals of Salar ethnic minority group, in order to investigate haplotype frequencies of Salar population, evaluate their usefulness in forensic applications, and enrich Chinese population genetic informational resources. Out of a total of 133 individuals 123 showed different haplotypes, while six haplotypes occurred more than once. The overall haplotype diversity for the Y-STRs loci was 0.9983, and the discrimination capacity was 0.9248.