Development and initial examination of a brief intervention for heightened anxiety sensitivity among heroin users

Behav Modif. 2007 Mar;31(2):220-42. doi: 10.1177/0145445506297020.

Abstract

Anxiety sensitivity (AS) recently has been identified as a potential cognitive vulnerability underlying substance use problems, with some evidence specifically indicating its relevance to heroin. Focusing on the potential utility of interventions centered on increasing willingness to have anxiety-related sensations reduce vulnerability for relapse following substance use treatment, the current article describes the development of a brief (6 session) behavioral treatment for heightened AS among heroin users. The treatment consists of the following components: (a) psychoeducation about anxiety; (b) interoceptive exposure exercises; and (c) skills-training focused on heightening emotional acceptance, tolerance, and nonevaluative awareness (to facilitate willingness). Preliminary data on this treatment are provided in the form of a case study with a 46-year-old African American man in an inner-city residential substance use treatment facility. Results indicate reductions in AS (especially physical concerns), as well as corresponding decreases in heroin cravings and improvements in emotion regulation.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Anxiety* / complications
  • Anxiety* / diagnosis
  • Anxiety* / therapy
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Heroin Dependence / complications*
  • Heroin Dependence / rehabilitation
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Psychotherapy, Brief
  • Residential Treatment
  • Risk Factors
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Treatment Outcome