Enhancement of fludioxonil fungicidal activity by disrupting cellular glutathione homeostasis with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid

FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2007 May;270(2):284-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2007.00682.x. Epub 2007 Mar 13.

Abstract

The activity of fludioxonil, a phenylpyrrole fungicide, is elevated by coapplication of the aspirin/salicylic acid metabolite, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,5-DHBA). Fludioxonil activity is potentiated through a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway that regulates osmotic/oxidative stress-responses. 2,5-DHBA disrupts cellular GSH (reduced glutathione)/GSSG (oxidized glutathione) homeostasis, further stressing the oxidative stress-response system. This stress enhances fludioxonil activity. 2,5-DHBA treatment also prevents tolerance of MAPK mutants resistant to fludioxonil.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Antifungal Agents / pharmacology*
  • Aspergillus flavus / drug effects
  • Aspergillus flavus / genetics
  • Aspergillus flavus / growth & development
  • Aspergillus fumigatus / drug effects
  • Aspergillus fumigatus / genetics
  • Aspergillus fumigatus / growth & development
  • Aspirin / pharmacology
  • Dioxoles / pharmacology*
  • Drug Synergism
  • Gentisates / chemistry
  • Gentisates / pharmacology*
  • Glutathione / metabolism*
  • Homeostasis / drug effects
  • MAP Kinase Signaling System / drug effects
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / genetics
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
  • Mutation
  • Pyrroles / pharmacology*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Antifungal Agents
  • Dioxoles
  • Gentisates
  • Pyrroles
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
  • fludioxonil
  • Glutathione
  • Aspirin
  • 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid