Avidity of CD8 T cells sharpens immunodominance

Int Immunol. 2007 Apr;19(4):497-507. doi: 10.1093/intimm/dxm016. Epub 2007 Mar 21.

Abstract

In the course of viral infection, the immune system exploits only a fraction of the available CTL repertoire and focuses on a few of a myriad of potentially antigenic peptides. This phenomenon, known as immunodominance, depends on a number of factors, including antigen processing and transport, MHC binding, competition for antigen-presenting cells, availability of the CD8 T cell repertoire and other mechanisms that function largely by restricting the immune response. Here we elucidate a novel mechanism that increases the immunodominance of the epitope rather by enhancing the immune response. Using a peptide-specific MHC-restricted mAb and functional assays of CTL activation, we show that T cells with high avidity for the immunodominant, H-2D(d) restricted, P18-I10 epitope expand rapidly following immunization, and this expansion in turn determines the level of the P18-I10 epitope immunodominance. This proliferation has little dependence on the number of MHC-peptide complexes. Since most self-reactive T cells of high avidity are depleted in the thymus, the selection of immunodominant epitopes based on the expansion of high-avidity T cells in the periphery reduces the potential for autoimmunity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / cytology
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • Cell Count
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Dendritic Cells / immunology
  • Dendritic Cells / metabolism
  • H-2 Antigens / immunology
  • H-2 Antigens / metabolism
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / immunology
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / metabolism
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp160 / genetics
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp160 / immunology
  • Histocompatibility Antigen H-2D
  • Immunodominant Epitopes / immunology*
  • Interferon-gamma / metabolism
  • Lymphocyte Activation / immunology
  • Major Histocompatibility Complex / genetics
  • Major Histocompatibility Complex / immunology
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Inbred DBA
  • Mice, Inbred Strains
  • Models, Immunological
  • Peptide Fragments / immunology
  • Peptide Fragments / metabolism
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / immunology
  • Spleen / cytology
  • Spleen / immunology
  • T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / cytology
  • T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / immunology*
  • T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / metabolism
  • Vaccination / methods
  • Vaccinia virus / genetics

Substances

  • H-2 Antigens
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp120
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp160
  • Histocompatibility Antigen H-2D
  • Immunodominant Epitopes
  • P18-I10 peptide
  • Peptide Fragments
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
  • Interferon-gamma