Surgical management of aortic valve disease in elderly patients with and without coronary artery disease: influence on quality of life

J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino). 2007 Apr;48(2):215-26.

Abstract

Aim: The feasibility of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) concomitant with aortic valve replacement (AVR) is well established. However, its impact on long-term patient-perceived quality of life (QoL) in the elderly remains undefined.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted on 866 patients 65 years of age and over who underwent AVR between October 1976 and December 1999 with a Carpentier-Edwards porcine bioprosthesis. This cohort was divided between those who underwent isolated AVR (n=438) and those with AVR and concomitant CABG (AVR+CABG; n=428). Mean age was 77.0+/-6.1 years (range, 65 to 91) in the AVR group and 78.2+/-5.5 years (range, 65 to 93) in the AVR+CABG group. QoL was assessed with the Short Form-36 health survey for survivors at follow-up, which was 97% complete.

Results: Operative mortality (OM) was 6.2% (27/438) for the AVR group and 8.9% (38/428) for the AVR+CABG group (P=0.130). The occurrence of hospital complications (P=0.162) and postoperative length of stay (P=0.980) was similar for the 2 groups. Actuarial survival at 10 years was 37.1+/-3.4% for AVR and 38.7+/-4% for AVR+CABG patients (P=0.088). On multivariate analyses, CABG was not a predictor of either OM or long-term survival. QoL was similar for the 2 groups on the summary components: physical health (39.4+/-11.4 versus 40.2+/-12.1; P=0.461) and mental health (50.2+/-10.8 versus 51.9+/-10.1; P=0.103).

Conclusions: Despite the presence of severe coronary artery disease, CABG preserved the long-term QoL in elderly patients undergoing AVR.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / mortality
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / pathology
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / psychology*
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / surgery*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Coronary Artery Bypass
  • Coronary Artery Disease*
  • Female
  • Florida / epidemiology
  • Health Services for the Aged
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation
  • Humans
  • Length of Stay
  • Male
  • Medical Records
  • Postoperative Complications
  • Quality of Life*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Survival Analysis