Abstract
The development of novel vaccines against Neisseria meningitidis recently gained momentum by the generation of penta-acylated lpxL1 LPS which has similar adjuvant activity, but reduced endotoxic activity as compared to hexa-acylated wild type (H44/76) LPS. We investigated the costimulation requirements for the adjuvant activity of both forms of LPS by immunizing CD28-, ICOS- and B7.1/2/ICOS-deficient mice. Both ICOS and CD28 appeared essential for optimal adjuvant activity of H44/76 LPS or lpxL1 LPS. Interestingly, ICOS-mediated costimulation predominates in the adjuvant activity of lpxL1 LPS, while both ICOS and CD28 are required for H44/76 LPS adjuvant activity.
MeSH terms
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Adjuvants, Immunologic*
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Animals
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Antibodies, Bacterial / blood
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Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / genetics
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Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / immunology*
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Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / immunology
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CD28 Antigens / genetics
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CD28 Antigens / immunology*
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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
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Immunoglobulin G / blood
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Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Protein
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Lipopolysaccharides / chemistry
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Lipopolysaccharides / immunology*
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Meningococcal Vaccines / immunology*
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred C57BL
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Mice, Knockout
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Models, Animal
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Molecular Structure
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Neisseria meningitidis / immunology*
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Polysaccharides, Bacterial / chemistry
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Polysaccharides, Bacterial / pharmacology*
Substances
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Adjuvants, Immunologic
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Antibodies, Bacterial
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Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte
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Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins
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CD28 Antigens
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Icos protein, mouse
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Immunoglobulin G
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Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Protein
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Lipopolysaccharides
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Meningococcal Vaccines
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Polysaccharides, Bacterial