This video guide has been designed as an introduction to the full spectrum of nocturnal presentations of restless legs syndrome (RLS) and periodic limb movements (PLM), and to their differential diagnoses. The DVD consists of four sections: In the first part, clinical presentations of RLS are covered (videos 1-3). In the second part, the variety of typical and less frequent presentations of PLM are demonstrated (videos 4-14). The third part shows the clinical presentation of augmentation (videos 15-19). The last section is dedicated to the differential diagnosis of RLS and PLM and demonstrates nocturnal manifestations of other motor disorders during sleep, which must be distinguished: Epilepsy, parasomnias, and other movement disorders (of sleep) (videos 20-33). After viewing this DVD, the reader should be able to: (1) appreciate the spectrum of voluntary and unvoluntary movements seen in patients with RLS during wakefulness; (2) recognize typical PLM during sleep in subjects with RLS, and appreciate the enormous variability of clinical presentations of PLM; (3) describe specific and distinct aspects of motor activity in augmentation in patients with RLS; and (4) be aware of the most important differential diagnosis of RLS/PLM from a video or nocturnal motor activity point of view, namely, nocturnal epilepsy, parasomnias, and others.