Abstract
Cross-resistance among Candida albicans isolates from the oropharynges of human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients (n = 16) and environmental yeast strains of various species (n = 54) to medical and agricultural azole drugs was observed. Precautions against the unnecessary widespread use of azoles in the environment and human medicine are strongly recommended to prevent patients from acquiring azole-resistant yeasts.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / microbiology
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Antifungal Agents / pharmacology*
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Azoles / pharmacology*
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Candida albicans / classification
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Candida albicans / drug effects*
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Candida albicans / isolation & purification
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Candidiasis, Oral / drug therapy
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Candidiasis, Oral / microbiology
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Drug Resistance, Fungal*
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Environmental Microbiology
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Fungicides, Industrial / pharmacology*
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Germany
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HIV Infections / complications
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HIV-1
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Humans
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Microbial Sensitivity Tests
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Oropharynx / microbiology*
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Vitis / microbiology*
Substances
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Antifungal Agents
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Azoles
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Fungicides, Industrial