Abstract
A Web-based survey of adults who experienced loss during the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks was conducted to examine the prevalence and correlates of complicated grief (CG) 2.5-3.5 years after the attacks. Forty-three percent of a study group of 704 bereaved adults across the United States screened positive for CG. In multivariate analyses, CG was associated with female gender, loss of a child, death of deceased at the World Trade Center, and live exposure to coverage of the attacks on television. Posttraumatic stress disorder, major depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, and increase in post-9/11 smoking were common among participants with CG. A majority of the participants with CG reported receiving grief counseling and psychiatric medication after 9/11. Clinical and policy implications are discussed.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Adaptation, Psychological
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Adult
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Anxiety Disorders / diagnosis
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Anxiety Disorders / epidemiology*
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Anxiety Disorders / psychology
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Bereavement*
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Cross-Sectional Studies
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Depressive Disorder, Major / diagnosis
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Depressive Disorder, Major / epidemiology*
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Depressive Disorder, Major / psychology
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Female
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Grief*
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Health Surveys
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Humans
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Internet
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Male
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Mass Screening
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Multivariate Analysis
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Patient Acceptance of Health Care / statistics & numerical data
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Personality Inventory
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September 11 Terrorist Attacks*
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Smoking / epidemiology
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Smoking / psychology
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Socioeconomic Factors
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Statistics as Topic
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Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / diagnosis
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Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / epidemiology*
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Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / psychology
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Suicide / psychology
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United States