Recently there has been a focused interest in the production of bioactive lipid metabolites from eukaryotic microbes, and in the roles that these molecules play in development and pathological processes. These metabolites have long been known in mammals to be potent modulators of various physiological processes, such as the regulation of inflammation. This area of research has been of particular interest in fungi, where oxylipin production has been correlated with pathogenicity. The aim of this review is to discuss recent findings that show how oxylipins and other lipid mediators affect fungal development, quorum sensing and effecter molecule production, which all amount to a global control by oxylipins of fungal pathogenesis.