The AP1-dependent secretion of galectin-1 by Reed Sternberg cells fosters immune privilege in classical Hodgkin lymphoma

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Aug 7;104(32):13134-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0706017104. Epub 2007 Aug 1.

Abstract

Classical Hodgkin lymphomas (cHLs) contain small numbers of neoplastic Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells within an extensive inflammatory infiltrate that includes abundant T helper (Th)-2 and T regulatory (Treg) cells. The skewed nature of the T cell infiltrate and the lack of an effective host antitumor immune response suggest that RS cells use potent mechanisms to evade immune attack. In a screen for T cell-inhibitory molecules in cHL, we found that RS cells selectively overexpressed the immunoregulatory glycan-binding protein, galectin-1 (Gal1), through an AP1-dependent enhancer. In cocultures of activated T cells and Hodgkin cell lines, RNAi-mediated blockade of RS cell Gal1 increased T cell viability and restored the Th1/Th2 balance. In contrast, Gal1 treatment of activated T cells favored the secretion of Th2 cytokines and the expansion of CD4+CD25high FOXP3+ Treg cells. These data directly implicate RS cell Gal1 in the development and maintenance of an immunosuppressive Th2/Treg-skewed microenvironment in cHL and provide the molecular basis for selective Gal1 expression in RS cells. Thus, Gal1 represents a potential therapeutic target for restoring immune surveillance in cHL.

MeSH terms

  • Cytokines / biosynthesis
  • Forkhead Transcription Factors / physiology
  • Galectin 1 / physiology*
  • Hodgkin Disease / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Immune Tolerance
  • Reed-Sternberg Cells / physiology*
  • T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / physiology
  • Th2 Cells / immunology
  • Transcription Factor AP-1 / physiology*

Substances

  • Cytokines
  • FOXP3 protein, human
  • Forkhead Transcription Factors
  • Galectin 1
  • LGALS1 protein, human
  • Transcription Factor AP-1