This concept paper focuses on diagnostics as one of the key areas of strategic importance. Lifelab intends to specialise in the research and development of in vitro diagnostic test systems specifically for diseases of relevance to the Southern African region. The use of diagnostic tests is an essential but costly element in the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases and in particular, HIV/AIDS. Consistent with the need to improve affordability and accessibility, the strategy will be to research, develop, and manufacture promising diagnostic test systems and through mutually beneficial partnerships with joint venture companies and distributors, rapidly introduce these diagnostic systems to the market.